In recent years, in conditions of increased work with gadgets and computers, the prevalence of dry eye syndrome has increased dramatically. The presented article is devoted to the modern diagnosis of dry eye syndrome.

25 patients (50 eyes) participated in the study, which was conducted at the ophthalmological center of Astana Vision Pavlodar LLP in Pavlodar. Of these, 7 patients after laser vision correction, 4 patients suffering from myopia, wore contact lenses, locally applied medications for the treatment of dry eye syndrome. The examination included a Schirmer test, a tear film rupture time test (NIBUT, VRSP), filling out the questionnaire «Ocular Surface Disease Index» (OSDI) and determining the height of the lacrimal meniscus.

The author of the article concluded that noninvasive research methods used for the diagnosis of SSG are more acceptable, since they do not violate the integrity of the tear film.

In emergency surgery with volumetric surgical interventions, there are a number of indications for the continuation of intravenous sedation and artificial lung ventilation (ventilator) in the intensive care unit. Often, this need is due to both the magnitude of the surgical catastrophe and the severe concomitant comorbid back14 ground, high risk of early postoperative complications. There is also the development of delirium of various etiologies in the early postoperative period, which also affects the course of the postoperative process, the duration of stay in the intensive care unit.

In connection with the above, on the basis of the Intensive care unit of the Multidisciplinary Hospital No. 1 a comparative characteristic of the effectiveness of the use of sodium thiopental and propofol for intravenous sedation and treatment of delirium in surgical patients was carried out in Karaganda. 

The aim of the study: to evaluate the effect of the degree of lung injury on the disease progression in COVID-19.

Materials and methods: during the study, 100 patients were examined on the basis of the coronavirus hospital of the Non-commercial JSC «Karaganda medical university» (Karaganda city) among the ages from 18 to 93 years. All patients underwent computed tomography (CT) on Canon Aquilion Prime SP tomograph (160 sections). Scanning was carried out at admission, on 4-5, 8-9 days or according to indications. The degree of lung injury in CT was determined on the basis of an «empirical» percentage visual scale of CT 0-4. A comparative assessment of changes in lung tissue with the stages of the course of the disease SARS-COV-2 was carried out.

Results and discussion: when comparing the indicators of the degree of lung damage in CT and the clinical severity of the disease, they have a weak direct correlation (P≥0.05).

Conclusion: CT is a highly informative diagnostic method of SARS-COV-2 (sensitivity 97-98 %), allows to identify all semiotic elements of lung tissue injury, the extent of the pathological process, the effectiveness of the treatment and prediction of the clinical course of the disease.

Currently, the most common mental disorders are psychogenias. They account for more than half of the requests for counseling psychotherapeutic and psychiatric help. In recent years, in his daily life, a person increasingly relies in his judgments on the picture of the world that develops under the influence of mass media (mass media) and Internet content. The content of the information presented does not always correspond to reality and can negatively affect the mental well-being of the most vulnerable part of society. The dangerous effects of informational influences manifest themselves at various levels and can cause the development of psychogenic disorders, as well as lead to an exacerbation of existing symptoms. Various kinds of information interventions can reduce or increase the traumatic effect on the psyche. The proposed article presents clinical examples based on the combined experience of psychotherapeutic practice in a private center in Karaganda and the work of the psychiatric (psychotherapeutic) service in Karaganda. St. Petersburg, which clearly demonstrate the connection of mental disorders with information exposure, regardless of the source of information.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is one of the most widely used components of hydrogel for biomedical applications as its precursor cellulose is the most abundant biological macromolecule on the Earth. Recent years have seen a remarkable increase in CMC synthesis from various plant sources. In the present study we have utilised cheer pine needles (Pinus spp.) due to its abundance and easy availability in Himalayan regions across India. The cellulose was extracted from pine needles. Then, the etherification process was used to prepare CMC from pine needle cellulose, with sodium hydroxide and monochloroacetic acid (MCA). CMC yield, degree of substitution, water retention capacity, oil retention capacity, ash content, and CMC content were determined by comparing obtained CMC to standard CMC. The purity of the synthesised CMC is represented by CMC content. The prepared CMC had a purity of 10 % and a yield of 110 %. The degree of substitution, water retention capacity, and oil retention capacity were all determined to be 0.02, 8.4 g/g, and 4g/g, respectively. The ash content of the synthesised CMC was calculated to be 6 %. The majority of characteristics were either equivalent to commercial CMC or superior to it therefore the synthesised product can be used as a potential component to fabricate biomaterials for biomedical applications.

At the moment, the main problem of education is the creation of conditions that guarantee the accessibility and quality of education for people with disabilities and the disabled. Creating an accessible environment for inclusive education is a requirement for institutions of higher professional education.

The article discusses the theoretical and practical aspects of staffing inclusive education: the process of inclusion as an integrator of improving social and labor relations in the social context of the development of education, the regulatory and legal aspect of inclusive education; staffing system for inclusive processes.

The authors of the article studied the effectiveness of teaching preventive methods of treatment of patients with arterial hypertension at polyclinic schools for arterial hypertension. It was noted that the patients who participated in the school of arterial hypertension mastered the practical skills of measuring blood pressure and keeping a diary of blood pressure control, identifying cardiovascular risk. Patients' interest in the prevention of diseases and risk factors has increased, and the tendency to follow recommendations has increased. According to the results of the assessment, most of those who attended the school for patients with arterial hypertension received sufficient information about their pathology, risk factors, preventive measures, healthy lifestyle formation, treatment of arterial hypertension, emergency care for hypertension.

The aim of this study was to evaluate student satisfaction with the online learning process.

Materials and methods. 160 third-year students of the «General Medicine» program at the International Medical Faculty of the Medical University in Karaganda participated in the study. The study assessed student satisfaction with teaching, evaluation, skills development, and knowledge acquired after studying the «Biostatistics in Medicine» discipline in an online format. The «Measuring Student satisfaction from the Student Outcomes Survey» questionnaire was used to evaluate student satisfaction with the learning process.

Results and discussion. Overall, 79 % of the students who participated in the study were satisfied with the online learning process. However, about 30 % of students either doubted or disagreed with the statement that the teacher engaged and interested them during the discipline lectures. The same number of students were dissatisfied with the time intervals for knowledge and skills assessment.

Conclusion. The results showed that the forced transition to online learning did not significantly affect student satisfaction with teaching, evaluation, skills development, and knowledge acquisition processes.

Implications. To achieve high-quality learning outcomes and improve student satisfaction with the learning process, it is necessary to review and adjust teaching and assessment methods according to the mode of learning (online or offline).

The article presents the provisions of the International Classification of Functioning (ICF), disability, the relationship of changes in health, personal and social factors of a person with therapeutic pathology in order to determine the criteria of disability, substantiate the need and scope of rehabilitation measures in the field of health and social protection. The purpose of this work was to analyze the data, means, methods and conditions of using ICF to organize the effective work of rehabilitation centers for patients, as well as to evaluate its results. The World Health Organization approved the systematization of international classifications necessary for epidemiological control and coordination of public health efforts during medical and social expertise. ICF, disability and health is becoming increasingly important in the work of clinicians of different specialties. Acting as a classifier of health characteristics and all related circumstances, the ICF can be used in many areas of public life: healthcare, social protection, insurance, social employment, education, economics, social policy, legislation. Comprehensive diagnostic and functional information allows giving a broader and more meaningful description of the state of health of a particular person or group of people. In this context, the definition of a disability group has medical, legal and social significance, as it is associated with specific relations in society: the availability of benefits for a disabled person, payment of a disability pension, disability restrictions. The practical significance of the results lies in the fact that the developed method of applying the ICF classification makes it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of medical rehabilitation of patients in the conditions of the modern healthcare system.

Orphan diseases are rare diseases that affect a small part of the population. Anthrax is an acute saprozoonotic infectious disease with a predominantly contact mechanism of pathogen transmission. It belongs to the group of especially dangerous infections.

The article presents clinical cases of anthrax in adults and children.

This clinical observation in an adult patient caused diagnostic difficulties in the initial period of the disease. Then it manifested itself as a severe variant of anthrax, a secondary generalized form, with progressive severe systemic disorders and had an unfavorable outcome.

The contact child had anthrax, carbuncle variant of the skin form, of moderate severity, uncomplicated course with a favorable outcome – recovery.