THE RESULTS OF INTRODUCING ELEMENTS OF VIRTUAL TECHNOLOGIES INTO THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS IN THE DISCIPLINE «FUNDAMENTALS OF GENERAL MEDICAL PRACTICE»

The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of the implementation of elements of virtual technologies in the educational process in the discipline «Fundamentals of General Medical Practice». The research material was a developed electronic clinical scenario (case) based on a virtual patient. We applied the PBL (Problem-based Learning) method using a clinical scenario (case) with the problem of «Acute abdomen» of a virtual patient, adapted to a real case and implemented into the independent work with a teacher of the discipline «Fundamentals of General Medical Practice» for 5^th year students of the specialty «General Medicine» in 86 students studying in the Kazakh language, 45 students in Russian. The script was developed using a special computer program Open Labyrinth. To assess the implementation of elements of virtual technologies in active teaching methods (PBL) aimed at teaching bachelors to prevent medical errors in practice and develop students' professional competencies aimed at communicative, diagnostic, therapeutic, preventive, rehabilitation, research activities, we have developed «PBL Implementation Questionnaire - Virtual Patient». Experience shows that the introduction of clinical scenarios on a virtual patient into active teaching methods (PBL) allows you to bring students closer to real practice, avoid medical errors, as well as develop professional competencies aimed at communicative, diagnostic, therapeutic, preventive, rehabilitation, and research activities. The results of the survey showed that the majority of students prefer conducting independent work with a teacher using cases with a virtual patient - 81 (94%) students in the Kazakh language, 43 (96%) - students in Russian. Also, according to the survey data, 88% of students in the Russian and 92% of students in the Kazakh department note that this form of education develops students' professional competencies aimed at communicative, diagnostic, therapeutic, preventive, rehabilitation, research activities. So among them, communication skills developed in 86%, clinical skill in diagnosing the most common diseases at the primary health care level - in 88%, clinical skill in treatment activities - 78%, clinical skill in preventive activities -80%, clinical skill in rehabilitation activities - 52%, clinical skill in research activities - 52%.

virtual patient, general medical practice, medical mistakes

1. Глобальная задача ВОЗ (2017 год): www.who.int/patientsafety/medication-safety/en/

2. Богуцкая Н. К. Виртуальные пациенты в обучении интегрированному ведению болезней детского возраста //Смоленский медицинский альманах. - 2016. - С. 64-68.

3. Врачебные ошибки как причина осложнений лекарственной терапии /В. К. Лепахин, А. В. Астахова, Е. А. Овчинникова, Л. К. Овчинникова //Качественная клиническая практика. - 2002. - №1. - С. 56-59.

4. Забокрицкий Н. А. Инновационность и профессионализация в системе высшего образования //Матер. Евраз. конгр. «Медицина, фармация и общественное здоровье». - Екатеринбург, 2013. - С. 553-557.

5. Леотсакос А. Решения безопасности пациентов. Качество медицинских услуг, безопасность пациентов и аккредитация http:// www.rcrz.kz/files/conf.pdf

6. Лечение без вреда: Третья глобальная проблема безопасности пациентов в ВОЗ http://tame-project.org

7. Опыт внедрения алгоритмизированного «виртуального пациента» в педагогическую практику по дисциплине «Офтальмология» /Б. С. Ахмадьярова, Ю. А. Шустеров, В. П. Риклефс и др. //Медицинское образование и профессиональное развитие. - 2017. - №2. -С. 12-19.

8. Поцелуев Е. Л. Медицинская ошибка и преступление: равнозначные понятия? /Е. Л. Поцелуев, А. Е. Горбунов //Наука. Общество. Государство. - 2017. - Т. 5, №1. - http:// esj.pnzgu.ru ISSN 2307-9525 (Online)

9. Программа ВОЗ по обеспечению безопасности пациентов. https: //www.who.int> patientsafety>about>programmes

10. Billings С. Incident reporting systems in medicine and experience with the aviation safety reporting systems. A Tale of Two Stories: (contrasting Views of Patient Safety. National Patient Safety Foundation, American Medical Association. - Chicago Illinois, 1998. - 344 p.

11. Medication errors in a pediatric department /P. M. Olsen, H. Lorentzen, K. Thomsen, A. Fogtmann //Ugeskr. Laeger. - 1997. - V. 14. - Р. 2392-2395.

12. The nature of adverse events in hospitalized patients: Results of the Harvard Medical Practice Study /L Leape, Т. Brennan, N. Laird et al. //New Engl. J. Med. - 1991. - V. 324. - Р. 377-384.

13. The replacement of «paper» cases by interactive online virtual patients in problem-based learning /T. Poulton, E. Conradi, S. Kavia et al. // Med. Teach. - 2009. - V. 31. - P. 752-758.