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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medecol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина и экология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medicine and ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2305-6045</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2305-6053</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Карагандинский медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.59598/ME-2305-6053-2025-114-1-82-86</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medecol-922</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОЛОГИЯ И ГИГИЕНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECOLOGY AND HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Информированность школьников в вопросах рационального питания</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Awareness of schoolchildren in matters of rational nutrition</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Протасова</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Protasova</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda, Gogolya st., 40</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@qmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Испутинова</surname><given-names>Н. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Isputinova</surname><given-names>N. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda, Gogolya st., 40</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@qmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рогова</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rogova</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана Ивановна Рогова </p><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana Ivanovna Rogova</p><p>100008, Karaganda, Gogolya st., 40</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">S.Rogova@qmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калишев</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalishev</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda, Gogolya st., 40</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@qmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каюпова</surname><given-names>Г. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kayupova</surname><given-names>G. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda, Gogolya st., 40</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@qmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галаева</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galaeva</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda, Gogolya st., 40</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@qmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Школа общественного здоровья НАО «Карагандинский медицинский университет»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">School of Public Health, Karaganda Medical University NC JSC<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>82</fpage><lpage>86</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Протасова М.С., Испутинова Н.Р., Рогова С.И., Калишев М.Г., Каюпова Г.С., Галаева А.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Протасова М.С., Испутинова Н.Р., Рогова С.И., Калишев М.Г., Каюпова Г.С., Галаева А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Protasova M.S., Isputinova N.R., Rogova S.I., Kalishev M.G., Kayupova G.S., Galaeva A.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medecol.qmu.kz/jour/article/view/922">https://medecol.qmu.kz/jour/article/view/922</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить уровень информированности учащихся 9-10 классов общеобразовательных школ г. Караганды в отношении рационального питания.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В рамках поперечного исследования с использованием активного анкетного опроса оценен уровень информированности учащихся 9-10 классов общеобразовательных школ г. Караганды в отношении рационального питания. В анкетировании приняли участие 400 учащихся в возрасте 14-15 лет. Перед анкетным опросом респондентов информировали о целях исследования, гарантировали конфиденциальность и анонимность ответов. Статистическую обработку данных осуществляли с использованием программного обеспечения Microsoft Office Excel 2007.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Анализ результатов анкетирования продемонстрировал недостаточный уровень знаний у учащихся в отношении рационального питания. Лишь 43% школьников смогли правильно ответить на вопрос о том, какие вещества являются основным источником поступления энергии в организм. Знания о пластической роли белков в организме человека продемонстрировали 56% учащихся. Только 14% школьников имели представление о понятии «алиментарно-зависимые заболевания». Большинство респондентов связывали рациональное питание только с профилактикой ожирения, диабета и анорексии.</p><p>Так, 23,3% опрошенных полагали, что в ежедневном рационе питания достаточно менее 400 грамм овощей и фруктов, 17,8% считали, что в ежедневном рационе должны быть только овощи, так как фрукты способствуют набору веса и оказывают вредное влияние на здоровье. 88% школьников убеждены, что глютен «склеивает сосуды и кишечник», способствует набору массы тела и развитию воспалительных процессов. 68,5% респондентов полагают, что запивать еду жидкостью вредно, так как жидкость может «разбавить» желудочный сок и нарушить процессы переваривания пищи. 59,5% учащихся придерживаются мифа о вреде питания после 18:00.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Результаты исследования демонстрируют низкий уровень информированности школьников в отношении рационального питания, что может стать причиной формирования у них нерационального пищевого поведения и, как следствие, предпосылкой развития алиментарно-зависимых заболеваний. Необходима разработка и внедрение образовательных программ, направленных на повышение уровня грамотности подростков в вопросах здорового питания. Это позволит снизить риски, связанные с возникновением у них функциональных нарушений и заболеваний в будущем.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To assess the level of awareness of pupils (grades 9-10) of secondary schools in Karaganda city regarding rational nutrition.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. As a part of a cross-sectional study, the level of awareness of pupils (grades 9-10) of secondary schools in Karaganda city regarding rational nutrition was assessed using the active questionnaire survey. 400 students aged 14-15 took part in the survey. Before the questionnaire survey, the respondents were informed about the research objectives, and the confidentiality and anonymity of the answers were guaranteed. Statistical data processing was performed using Microsoft Office Excel 2007 software.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The analysis of the survey results demonstrated the insufficient level of knowledge among students regarding rational nutrition. Only 43% pupils were able to correctly answer the question of which substances are the main source of energy in the body. 56% pupils demonstrated knowledge about the plastic role of proteins in the human body. Only 14% pupils new the «alimentary-dependent diseases» concept. The majority of respondents associated rational nutrition only with the prevention of obesity, diabetes and anorexia.</p></sec><sec><title>So, 23</title><p>So, 23.3% respondents believed that less than 400 grams of vegetables and fruits are enough in the daily diet, 17.8% believed that only vegetables should be in the daily diet, since fruits contribute to weight gain and have a harmful effect on health. 88% pupils were convinced that gluten «glues blood vessels and intestines», promotes weight gain and the development of inflammatory processes. 68.5% respondents believed that washing down food with liquid is harmful, as liquid can «dilute» gastric juice and disrupt the digestion of food. 59.5% pupils adhere to the myth of the dangers of eating after 18:00.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The results of the study demonstrate a low level of awareness among schoolchildren regarding rational nutrition, which can lead to the formation of irrational eating behavior in them and, as a result, a prerequisite for the development of alimentary-dependent diseases. It is necessary to develop and implement educational programs aimed at improving the level of literacy of adolescents in matters of healthy nutrition. This will reduce the risks associated with the occurrence of functional disorders and diseases in the future.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рациональное питание</kwd><kwd>сбалансированное питание</kwd><kwd>социальные сети</kwd><kwd>пищевое поведение</kwd><kwd>пищевые привычки</kwd><kwd>пищевые предпочтения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rational nutrition</kwd><kwd>balanced nutrition</kwd><kwd>social networks</kwd><kwd>eating behavior</kwd><kwd>eating habits</kwd><kwd>food preferences</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зарифьян А.Г., Наумова Т.Н., Макимбетова Ч.Э. Физиология системы пищеварения. Учебное пособие. Уфа: Изд-во КРСУ; 2019: 176.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zarif'jan A.G., Naumova T.N., Makimbetova Ch.Je. Fiziologija sistemy pishhevarenija. Uchebnoe posobie. 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