medecolМедицина и экологияMedicine and ecology2305-60452305-6053Карагандинский медицинский университет10.59598/ME-2305-6045-2024-110-1-14-21medecol-646Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫLITERATURE REVIEWSГрибковые аллергены и диагностика аллергии к плесневым грибамFungal allergens and mold allergy diagnosisЧескаА.ChescaA.

Антонелла Ческа – MD, PhD, заведующая отделением визуализации; заведующая кафедрой клеточной и молекулярной биологии и гистологии медицинского факультета,

г. Брашов, ул. Б-дул Эройлор, 29.

Antonella Chesca – MD, PhD Head of Imagistic Department; Head of Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology at Faculty of Medicine,

Brasov city, B-dul Eroilor nr. 29

anto.chesca@gmail.comШамбиловаН.ShambilovaN.

г. Смоленск, ул. Крупской, 28.

Smolensk city, Krupskoy str., 28

Клиника физиологии легких г. Брашов; Трансильванский университет г. БрашовРумынияClinic Lung Physiology Hospital; Transilvania University of BrasovRomaniaСмоленский государственный медицинский университетРоссияSmolensk State Medical UniversityRussian Federation202412062024011421Copyright © Ческа А., Шамбилова Н., 20242024Ческа А., Шамбилова Н.Chesca A., Shambilova N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://medecol.qmu.kz/jour/article/view/646

Иммунология – раздел медицины, изучающий иммунную систему и ее патологию. Общеизвестна научная информация о том, что в медицинской иммунологии специальные лабораторные тесты предназначены для диагностики иммунопатологии. Наряду с этим следует отметить, что для диагностики аллергии применяют такие рутинные методы диагностики, как анализ клеток крови. Также для диагностики аллергии используется количественное определение иммуноглобулинов класса IgE. В настоящем обзоре авторы имели цель обсудить некоторые аспекты, относящиеся к грибковым аллергенам и диагностике аллергии на плесневые грибы. Плесневые грибы вырабатывают микотоксины, которые, к сожалению, обладают канцерогенными, тератогенными и нейротоксическими свойствами, что может негативно сказаться на здоровье человека. Аллергия на грибы и сопутствующие заболевания в основном касаются пациентов с ослабленным иммунитетом. Накопленные в настоящее время знания в области аллергии на грибковые аллергены и людей, а также установленная диагностика и лечение предлагают нам комплексное видение. В будущем мы надеемся найти в научных исследованиях надлежащие знания в этой области, применимые в повседневной практике.

Immunology is a branch of medicine that studies the immune system and its pathology. There are known scientific information, that in medical immunology specific tests performed in the laboratory for diagnosis. In addition, good to mention that allergies include medical diagnostic methods such as blood tests. Also, there are used for detection the presence and the levels of IgE antibodies. Currently within the present description aim to discuss some aspects referring to fungal allergen and mold allergy diagnosis, in a shortage following steps of our purposed description.

Molds produce mycotoxins, unfortunately with carcinogenic, teratogenic and neurotoxic properties, with a possible negative impact on individual healthy. Allergies related to fungi together with comorbidities, mainly concern immunocompromised patients. The currently describing knowledges in the field of allergy between fungal allergens and human subjects, and also established the diagnosis and treatment, offer us a complex vision. For the future, hope to find into the research studies, proper knowledges in this field, with applicability in routine practice. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.