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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medecol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина и экология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medicine and ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2305-6045</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2305-6053</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Карагандинский медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.59598/ME-2305-6045-2023-109-4-53-58</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medecol-438</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКАЯ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Морфологические аспекты нормальной и патологической печени</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphological aspects of the normal versus pathological liver</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ческа</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chesca</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Антонелла Ческа – MD, PhD, заведующая отделением визуализации Клиники физиологии легких, заведующая кафедрой клеточной и молекулярной биологии и гистологии медицинского факультета</p><p>г. Брашов, ул. Б-дул Эройлор, 29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Antonella Chesca – MD, PhD Head of Imagistic Department at Clinic Lung Physiology Hospital, Head of Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology at Faculty of Medicine</p><p>Brasov city, B-dul Eroilor nr. 29</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anto.chesca@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шамбилова</surname><given-names>Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shambilova</surname><given-names>N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Смоленск, ул. Крупской, 28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Smolensk city, Krupskoy str., 28</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@studyinrussiaportal.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Трансильванский университет Брашова<country>Румыния</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Transilvania University of Brasov<country>Romania</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Смоленский государственный медицинский университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Smolensk State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>58</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ческа А., Шамбилова Н., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ческа А., Шамбилова Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chesca A., Shambilova N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medecol.qmu.kz/jour/article/view/438">https://medecol.qmu.kz/jour/article/view/438</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Хронические заболевания печени активируют степень повреждения гепатоцитов. Патология печени по типу цирроза развивается после длительного периода патологических изменений. Важным моментом является воспаление, которое приводит к замене здоровой паренхимы печени фиброзной тканью и регенеративными узелками. Наряду с этим прогрессирующая портальная гипертензия, системное воспаление и печеночная недостаточность приводят к развитию цирроза печени. Менеджмент настоящей патологии печени сосредоточен на этиотропной терапии и лечении осложнений. В отдельных случаях может потребоваться трансплантация печени.</p><p>Цель данной статьи – выявить наилучшие доступные доказательства, анализирующие образцы печени, нормальные и патологические.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Были приготовлены фиксированные препараты, окрашенные двумя способами. Использовали гемоатоксилин и эозин, а также проводили трихромное окрашивание по Гольднеру – Секели. Микроскопировали под оптическим световым микроскопом при увеличении х10 и х40. Образцы печени отбирали при аутопсии от пациентов без патологии печени и от пациентов с диагнозом цирроз печени.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Микроскопия x10 в нормальных образцах печени, окрашенных трихромными красителями по Гольднеру – Секели видны гепатоциты, пространство Кирнана, соединительные перегородки. Наряду с этим, для сравнения представлена микроскопия печеночной ткани пациентов с патологией печени, окрашенных классическим методом H&amp;E. Воспаление является важным моментом, приводящим к замещению здоровой паренхимы печени фиброзной тканью и регенеративными узелками. Кроме того, прогрессирующая портальная гипертензия, системное воспаление и печеночная недостаточность приводят к развитию цирроза печени.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Наш вклад в данной статье связан с воздействием физических, психологических и физиологических факторов. Все эти ранее упомянутые факторы оказывают большое влияние на качество жизни взрослых пациентов с циррозом печени. Лечение этой патологии печени сосредоточено на лечении причин и осложнений. В некоторых случаях может потребоваться трансплантация печени.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Chronic liver diseases stimulate a degree of hepatocyte injury. This previously mentioned modifications, alters the known liver architecture and finally ends in cirrhosis. Liver pathology as cirrhosis develops after a long period of pathological alterations. In this iddea, inflammation is a great point that results in replacement of the healthy liver parenchyma with fibrotic tissue and regenerative nodules. In addition, progressive portal hypertension, systemic inflammation, and liver failure drive cirrhosis outcomes. The management of this liver pathology, is centred on the treatment of the causes and complications. Liver transplantation can be required in some cases.</p><p>The aim of this article was to identify the best available evidences analyzing liver samples, normall and pathological.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Were made permanent preparations and used two colors. Hematoxylin–Eosin and also Goldner – Szekely trichrome stains stain for observation at optical microscope with x10 and x40 lens magnification. Samples liver collected during necropsy, from healthy patients and from patients diagnosed with cirrhosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. Normal liver with hepatocytes, Kiernann space, connective septa, observations using lens x10 and samples colored with Goldner Szekely trichrome stains. Beside, for comparisions, ill liver images, classic stain H&amp;E. Inflammation is a great point that results in replacement of the healthy liver parenchyma with fibrotic tissue and regenerative nodules. In addition, progressive portal hypertension, systemic inflammation, and liver failure drive cirrhosis outcomes.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Our contribution in the written text, is related to the impact of physical, psychological and physiological factors. All this previously mentioned factors, area great impact on the health-related quality of life of adult patients with liver cirrhosis. The management of this liver pathology, is centred on the treatment of the causes and complications. Liver transplantation can be required in some cases.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>печень</kwd><kwd>заболевания</kwd><kwd>цирроз печени</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>liver</kwd><kwd>diseases</kwd><kwd>cirrhosis</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>management</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">George J. Molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of N-nitrosodimethylamine induced hepatic fibrosis /J. George, M. Tsutsumi //Cell Death Dis. – 2019. – V. 10(1). – P. 18.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">George J. Molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of N-nitrosodimethylamine induced hepatic fibrosis /J. George, M. 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