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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medecol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина и экология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medicine and ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2305-6045</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2305-6053</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Карагандинский медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.59598/ME-2305-6045-2023-106-1-12-26</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medecol-401</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОЛОГИЯ И ГИГИЕНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECOLOGY AND HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ заболеваемости верифицированных случаев миастении в Центральном Казахстане</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morbidity analysis of verified cases of myasthenia gravis in Central Kazakhstan</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григолашвили</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigolashvili</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марина Арчиловна Григолашвили – заведующая кафедрой неврологии, нейрохирургии, психиатриии реабилитологии</p><p>г. Караганда</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery, Psychiatry and Rehabilitation</p><p>Karaganda</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Grigolashvili@qmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евстафьева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evstafyeva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Неврологическое отделение</p><p>г. Караганда</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Neurological Department</p><p>Karaganda</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бейсембаева</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beisembayeva</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра неврологии, нейрохирургии, психиатрии и реабилитологии</p><p>г. Караганда</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery, Psychiatry and Rehabilitation</p><p>Karaganda</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муратбекова</surname><given-names>Ш. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muratbekova</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра неврологии, нейрохирургии, психиатрии и реабилитологии</p><p>г. Караганда</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery, Psychiatry and Rehabilitation</p><p>Karaganda</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серёгина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Seregina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра неврологии, нейрохирургии, психиатрии и реабилитологии</p><p>г. Караганда</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery, Psychiatry and Rehabilitation</p><p>Karaganda</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Приходченко</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prikhodchenko</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра неврологии, нейрохирургии, психиатрии и реабилитологии</p><p>г. Караганда</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery, Psychiatry and Rehabilitation</p><p>Karaganda</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Насырова</surname><given-names>Д. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasyrova</surname><given-names>D. H.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра неврологии, нейрохирургии, психиатрии и реабилитологии</p><p>г. Караганда</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery, Psychiatry and Rehabilitation</p><p>Karaganda</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">НАО «Медицинский Университет Караганды»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">NC JSC «Karaganda medical university»<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">КГП «Областная клиническая больница» Управления здравоохранения Карагандинской области<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Regional Clinical Hospital<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>26</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Григолашвили М.А., Евстафьева Н.А., Бейсембаева М.Б., Муратбекова Ш.С., Серёгина А.А., Приходченко Ю.А., Насырова Д.Х., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Григолашвили М.А., Евстафьева Н.А., Бейсембаева М.Б., Муратбекова Ш.С., Серёгина А.А., Приходченко Ю.А., Насырова Д.Х.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grigolashvili M.A., Evstafyeva N.A., Beisembayeva M.B., Muratbekova S.S., Seregina A.A., Prikhodchenko Y.A., Nasyrova D.H.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medecol.qmu.kz/jour/article/view/401">https://medecol.qmu.kz/jour/article/view/401</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Миастения – это хроническое аутоиммунное заболевание, которое проявляется синдромом патологической мышечной утомляемости. Эпидемиологические исследования показывают изменение в течении заболевания в связи с пандемией COVID-19.Цель исследования. Анализ особенностей когорты пациентов с миастенией в Центральном Казахстане.Материалы и методы. Проведен ретроспективный анализ историй болезни 98 пациентов с миастенией, проходивших лечение с января 2020 по декабрь 2022 года в неврологических отделениях Карагандинской области (Центральный Казахстан).Результаты и обсуждение. Соотношение мужчин и женщин составило 1:2,2. У 46% пациентов дебют заболевания в возрасте от 18 до 39 лет. В дебюте заболевания глазная и генерализованная формы представлены в равном соотношении. Коморбидность преобладает у лиц пожилого возраста. Выявлены КТ-признаки тимомы у 23% пациентов. Все исследованные получали терапию пиридостигмина бромидом, глюкокортикоидами; цитостатическую терапию – 1 пациент; иммуноглобулин G – 1 пациент; отсутствовали пациенты с терапией моноклональными антителами.Выводы. Имеются гендерные и возрастные особенности, отличия в течении заболевания и коморбидности у пациентов с миастенией в Центральном Казахстане, в сравнении с другими странами. Необходимы улучшения в области иммунологической диагностики и по показаниям внедрение международных схем лечения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction.Myasthenia gravis is a chronic autoimmune disease that manifests itself as a syndrome of pathological muscle fatigue. Epidemiological studies show a change in the course of the disease due to the COVID-19 pandemic.The purpose of the study. Analysis of features of cohort of patients with myasthenia gravis in Central Kazakhstan.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of case histories of 98 patients with myasthenia gravis treated from January 2020 to December 2022 in the neurological departments of Karaganda region (Central Kazakhstan) was carried out.Results. The ratio of men and women was 1:2.2. 46% of patients had onset of the disease aged 18 to 39 years. In the debut of disease, the ocular and generalized forms are presented in an equal ratio. Comorbidity prevails in the elderly. CT-signs of thymoma were detected in 23% of patients. All the studied patients received therapy with pyridostigmine bromide, glucocorticoids; cytostatic therapy – 1 patient; immunoglobulin G – 1 patient; there were no patients with therapy with monoclonal antibodies.Conclusions. There are gender and age characteristics, differences in the course of the disease and comorbidity in patients with myasthenia gravis in Central Kazakhstan, in comparison with other countries. Improvements are needed in the field of immunological diagnostics and, according to indications, the introduction of international treatment regimens.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>миастения гравис</kwd><kwd>нервно-мышечное заболевание</kwd><kwd>эпидемиология</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>myasthenia gravis</kwd><kwd>neuromuscular disease</kwd><kwd>epidemiology</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hellmann MA, Mosberg-Galili R, Steiner I. Myasthenia gravis in the elderly. J Neurol Sci. 2013 Feb 15;325(1-2):1-5. PMID: 23218585. DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2012.10.028.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hellmann MA, Mosberg-Galili R, Steiner I. Myasthenia gravis in the elderly. J Neurol Sci. 2013 Feb 15;325(1-2):1-5. PMID: 23218585. 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