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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medecol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина и экология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medicine and ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2305-6045</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2305-6053</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Карагандинский медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medecol-324</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERATURE REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Спастичность: современные терапевтические решения через призму патогенеза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Spasticity: modern therapeutic solutions through the prism of pathogenesis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беляев</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belyaev</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра неврологии, психиатрии и реабилитации</p><p>Караганда</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Neurology, Psychiatry and Rehabilitation</p><p>Karaganda</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирошниченко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Miroshnichenko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Викторовна Мирошниченко – интерн , тел.: +7 747 493 8798</p><p>Караганда</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Karaganda</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ctnsuguda@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Некоммерческое акционерное общество «Карагандинский медицинский университет»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Non-Commercial Joint-Stock Company «Medical University of Karaganda»<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Школа медицины Некоммерческого акционерного общества «Карагандинский медицинский университет»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">School of Medicine, Non-Commercial Joint-Stock Company «Medical University of Karaganda»<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>11</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Беляев Р.А., Мирошниченко А.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Беляев Р.А., Мирошниченко А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Belyaev R.A., Miroshnichenko A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medecol.qmu.kz/jour/article/view/324">https://medecol.qmu.kz/jour/article/view/324</self-uri><abstract><p>Изучение патофизиологических механизмов спастичности продолжается, однако уже вполне ясна ее гетерогенность, комбинация и взаимовлияние различных механизмов в ее развитии. Оптимальное ведение пациентов зависит от понимания лежащей в основе спастичности физиологии, понимания ее естественного течения, оценки воздействия на пациента и комплексного подхода к минимизации этого воздействия.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study of the pathophysiological mechanisms of spasticity continues, but its heterogeneity, combination and mutual influence of various mechanisms in its development is already quite clear. Optimal management of patients depends on understanding the underlying physiology of spasticity, understanding its natural course, assessing the impact on the patient, and an integrated approach to minimizing this impact.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>спастичность</kwd><kwd>синдром верхнего мотонейрона</kwd><kwd>патофизиология</kwd><kwd>шкалы оценки спастичности</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spasticity</kwd><kwd>upper motor neuron syndrome</kwd><kwd>pathophysiology</kwd><kwd>spasticity scales</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Agarwal S., Patel T., Shah N., Patel B.M. Comparative study of therapeutic response to baclofen vs tolperisone in spasticity [Text] / Agarwal S. 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