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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medecol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина и экология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medicine and ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2305-6045</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2305-6053</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Карагандинский медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.59598/ME-2305-6053-2026-120-3-166-175</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medecol-1369</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ И ЭКОНОМИКА ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORGANIZATION AND ECONOMICS OF HEALTH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Качество трудовой жизни сестринского персонала в Республике Казахстан: анализ и оценка</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Quality of working life of nursing personnel in the Republic of Kazakhstan: analysis and assessment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Актаева</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aktaeva</surname><given-names>L. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лязат Мейрашевна Актаева </p><p>010000, г. Астана, ул. Кравцова</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyazzat Meirashyevna Aktaeva </p><p>010000, Astana c., Kravtsova str., 18</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rniiot@rniiot.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский научно-исследовательский институт по охране труда Министерства труда и социальной защиты населения Республики Казахстан</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican research institute for occupational safety and health of the Ministry of labour and social protection of the Republic of Kazakhstan</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>166</fpage><lpage>175</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Актаева Л.М., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Актаева Л.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aktaeva L.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medecol.qmu.kz/jour/article/view/1369">https://medecol.qmu.kz/jour/article/view/1369</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Анализ условий труда, трудовых отношений и системы профессионального развития сестринского персонала в Казахстане в контексте требований Конвенции МОТ №149 и Рекомендации МОТ №157. В работе были рассмотрены международные подходы, нормативно-правовая база, а также результаты социологического опроса медицинских сестер, что позволяет выявить ключевые проблемы и определить направления их решения.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследовании был использован комплексный (смешанный) подход, объединяющий количественные, качественные и сравнительно-аналитические методы для оценки условий труда, трудовых отношений и системы профессионального развития сестринского персонала в Республике Казахстан.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Международная практика показывает, что эффективное управление системами здравоохранения невозможно без учета состояния человеческих ресурсов и условий труда медицинских работников. В странах ЕС и ОЭСР используются системы мониторинга для оценки обеспеченности кадрами, уровня нагрузки и влияния условий труда на качество медицинских услуг. Аналогичные подходы применяются Всемирной организацией здравоохранения и Международной организацией труда при оценке устойчивости систем здравоохранения.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Результаты исследования свидетельствуют о том, что обеспечение устойчивости системы здравоохранения Республики Казахстан требует перехода от преимущественно количественного подхода к управлению кадровыми ресурсами к комплексной модели, учитывающей условия труда, профессиональные риски и развитие человеческих ресурсов. Реализация предложенных мер позволит снизить нагрузку на медицинских работников, повысить качество их трудовой жизни и обеспечить эффективное функционирование системы здравоохранения в долгосрочной перспективе.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To analyse working conditions, labour relations, and the system of professional development of nursing personnel in Kazakhstan in the context of the requirements of International Labour Organization (ILO) Convention No. 149 and ILO Recommendation No. 157. The study examines international approaches, the regulatory and legal framework, and the results of a sociological survey of nurses, which make it possible to identify key challenges and directions for their resolution.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative, qualitative, and comparative-analytical methods to assess working conditions, labour relations, and the system of professional development of nursing personnel in the Republic of Kazakhstan.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. International practice demonstrates that effective management of healthcare systems is not possible without taking into account the condition of human resources and the working conditions of healthcare workers. In EU and OECD countries, monitoring systems are used to assess workforce availability, workload, and the impact of working conditions on the quality of healthcare services. Similar approaches are applied by the WHO and ILO in assessing the sustainability of healthcare systems.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The study results demonstrate that ensuring the sustainability of the healthcare system in the Republic of Kazakhstan requires a transition from a purely quantitative approach to workforce management to a comprehensive model that takes into account working conditions, occupational risks, and human resource development. The implementation of the proposed measures will reduce the workload on healthcare workers, improve their quality of working life, and ensure the effective functioning of the healthcare system in the long term.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>охрана труда и техника безопасности</kwd><kwd>здоровье медицинских работников</kwd><kwd>сестринский персонал</kwd><kwd>условия труда</kwd><kwd>профессиональные риски</kwd><kwd>качество трудовой жизни</kwd><kwd>система здравоохранения</kwd><kwd>устойчивость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>occupational safety and health</kwd><kwd>health of healthcare workers</kwd><kwd>nursing personnel</kwd><kwd>working conditions</kwd><kwd>occupational risks</kwd><kwd>quality of working life</kwd><kwd>healthcare system</kwd><kwd>sustainability</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">The article has been prepared within the framework of Contract No. 40478463/0 with the International Labour Organization (ILO), commissioned by the Kazakhstan Sectoral Trade Union of Healthcare Workers «AQNIET» (AQNIET Trade Union).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Конвенция №149 о занятости и условиях труда и жизни сестринского персонала (Женева, 1977 г.). https://www.ilo.org/sites/default/files/wcmsp5/groups/public/@ed_norm/@normes/documents/normativeinstrument/wcms_c149_ru.htm</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Konvencija №149 o zanjatosti i uslovijah truda i zhizni sestrinskogo personala (Zheneva, 1977 g.). https://www.ilo.org/sites/default/files/wcmsp5/groups/public/@ed_norm/@normes/documents/normativeinstrument/wcms_c149_ru.htm</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рекомендация №157 о занятости и условиях труда и жизни сестринского персонала (Женева, 1977 г.). https://www.ilo.org/sites/default/files/wcmsp5/groups/public/@ed_norm/@normes/documents/normativeinstrument/wcms_r157_ru.htm</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rekomendacija №157 o zanjatosti i uslovijah truda i zhizni sestrinskogo personala (Zheneva, 1977 g.). https://www.ilo.org/sites/default/files/wcmsp5/groups/public/@ed_norm/@normes/documents/normativeinstrument/wcms_r157_ru.htm</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Всемирная организация здравоохранения. 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