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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medecol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина и экология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medicine and ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2305-6045</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2305-6053</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Карагандинский медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.59598/ME-2305-6053-2026-119-2-146-159</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medecol-1344</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКАЯ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Краткосрочное прогнозирование с использованием моделей SARIMA на примере эпидемиологических данных в виде временных рядов по COVID-19 в Казахстане</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Short-term forecasting using SARIMA models: an application to epidemiological time series data with COVID-19 in Kazakhstan as an example</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорокина</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorokina</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda c., Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коршуков</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korshukov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda c., Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Омарбекова</surname><given-names>Н. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Omarbekova</surname><given-names>N. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda c., Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алибиева</surname><given-names>Д. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alibiyeva</surname><given-names>D. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda c., Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дробченко</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drobchenko</surname><given-names>Y. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Александровна Дробченко</p><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yelena Alexandrovna Drobchenko </p><p>100008, Karaganda c., Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Drobchenko@qmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кафедра информатики и биостатистики, НАО «Карагандинский медицинский университет»</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Department of Informatics and Biostatistics, NC JSC «Karaganda Medical University»</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>146</fpage><lpage>159</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сорокина М.А., Коршуков И.В., Омарбекова Н.К., Алибиева Д.Т., Дробченко Е.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сорокина М.А., Коршуков И.В., Омарбекова Н.К., Алибиева Д.Т., Дробченко Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sorokina M.A., Korshukov I.V., Omarbekova N.K., Alibiyeva D.T., Drobchenko Y.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medecol.qmu.kz/jour/article/view/1344">https://medecol.qmu.kz/jour/article/view/1344</self-uri><abstract><p>Прогнозирование временных рядов является ключевым инструментом в различных областях, особенно в эпидемиологии, где точные прогнозы могут определять распределение ресурсов и информировать о стратегиях общественного здравоохранения. В данном исследовании изучается применение моделей сезонной авторегрессии с интегрированным скользящим средним (SARIMA) для краткосрочного прогнозирования временных рядов на основе эпидемиологических данных по COVID-19 из Казахстана в качестве практического примера. Набор данных охватывает общее количество подтвержденных случаев, ежедневных пациентов, получающих амбулаторную помощь, и ежедневных пациентов, госпитализированных, за период с 30 мая 2022 г. по 14 декабря 2022 г., с прогнозами на 10 дней вперед, до 24 декабря 2022 г. Анализ использует способность SARIMA фиксировать как сезонные, так и нестационарные закономерности, что делает его высокоэффективным инструментом для моделирования сложной эпидемиологической динамики.</p><p>Методология включает несколько ключевых этапов: предварительную обработку данных посредством преобразования в натуральный логарифм для стабилизации дисперсии, проверку стационарности с использованием графиков автокорреляционной функции (АКФ) и дифференцирование для устранения нестационарности. Оптимальными моделями SARIMA были определены (5,3,1) (1,1,0)_7 для всех случаев, (1,2,2)(0,1,1)_7 для пациентов амбулаторного лечения и (2,2,1)(2,1,1)_7 для пациентов госпитализированных с точностью прогнозирования 99%, 97% и 91% соответственно. Эта высокая точность, измеренная с помощью средней абсолютной процентной ошибки (MAPE), подчеркивает надежность SARIMA в краткосрочных прогнозах. Анализ остатков, включая тесты Шапиро-Уилка и Льюнга-Бокса, подтвердил нормальное распределение и независимость остатков моделей, что подтверждает их пригодность для прогнозирования.</p><p>Данное исследование подчtркивает универсальность модели SARIMA в отслеживании еженедельных сезонных закономерностей, наблюдаемых в 7-дневных циклах данных о COVID-19, которые отражают тенденции в отчётности или поведении. Хотя пример сосредоточен на эпидемиологических данных, методология широко применима и в других областях, таких как экологический мониторинг или экономическое прогнозирование, где преобладают сезонные временные ряды. Результаты показывают, что модели SARIMA обеспечивают надtжную основу для краткосрочного прогнозирования, предоставляя практические рекомендации для мер вмешательства в сфере общественного здравоохранения и планирования ресурсов, а набор данных о COVID-19 служит наглядным примером эффективности и адаптивности этого подхода.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Time series forecasting is a pivotal tool across multiple disciplines, particularly in epidemiology, where precise predictions can guide resource allocation and inform public health strategies. This study explores the application of Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) models for short-term forecasting of time series data, using epidemiological data from Kazakhstan related to COVID-19 as a practical case study. The dataset encompasses total confirmed cases, daily ambulatory care patients, and daily hospitalized patients, spanning from May 30, 2022, to December 14, 2022, with forecasts extending 10 days forward to December 24, 2022. The analysis leverages SARIMA’s ability to capture both seasonal and non-stationary patterns, making it highly effective for modeling complex epidemiological dynamics.</p><p>The methodology involves several key steps: data preprocessing through natural-log transformation to stabilize variance, stationarity testing using autocorrelation function (ACF) plots, and differencing to address non-stationarity. The optimal SARIMA models identified were (5,3,1)(1,1,0)_7 for total cases, (1,2,2)(0,1,1)_7 for ambulatory care patients, and (2,2,1)(2,1,1)_7 for hospitalized patients, with forecasting accuracies of 99%, 97%, and 91%, respectively. These high accuracies, measured via Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), underscore SARIMA’s robustness in short-term predictions. Residual analysis, including Shapiro-Wilk and Ljung-Box tests, confirmed that the models’ residuals were normally distributed and independent, validating their suitability for forecasting.</p><p>This study highlights SARIMA’s versatility in capturing weekly seasonal patterns, as observed in the 7-day cycles within the COVID-19 data, which reflect reporting or behavioral trends. While the example focuses on epidemiological data, the methodology is broadly applicable to other domains, such as ecological monitoring or economic forecasting, where seasonal time series are prevalent. The findings demonstrate that SARIMA models provide a reliable framework for short-term forecasting, offering actionable insights for public health interventions and resource planning, with the COVID-19 dataset serving as an illustrative example of the approach’s efficacy and adaptability.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>прогнозирование временных рядов</kwd><kwd>модели SARIMA</kwd><kwd>краткосрочное прогнозирование</kwd><kwd>эпидемиологические данные</kwd><kwd>сезонные закономерности</kwd><kwd>ARIMA</kwd><kwd>Казахстан (в качестве примера)</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>time series forecasting</kwd><kwd>SARIMA models</kwd><kwd>short-term prediction</kwd><kwd>epidemiological data</kwd><kwd>seasonal patterns</kwd><kwd>ARIMA</kwd><kwd>Kazakhstan (as example)</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">База данных по COVID-19 Министерства здравоохранения Республики Казахстан. https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/dsm?lang=ru</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baza dannyh po COVID-19 Ministerstva zdravoohranenija Respubliki Kazahstan . https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/dsm?lang=ru</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alabdulrazzaq H., Alenezi M.N., Rawajfih Y., Alghannam B.A., Al-Hassan A.A., Al-Anzi F.S. 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