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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medecol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина и экология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medicine and ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2305-6045</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2305-6053</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Карагандинский медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.59598/ME-2305-6053-2026-119-2-136-145</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medecol-1343</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКАЯ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Разработка и характеристика биоактивного композита на основе полимолочной кислоты</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Development and characterization of a bioactive composite based on polylactic acid</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хрусталева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khrustaleva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda c., Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Едрисов</surname><given-names>А. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yedrissov</surname><given-names>A. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda c., Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хрусталев</surname><given-names>Д. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khrustalev</surname><given-names>D. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda c., Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черных</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernykh</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>390026, г. Рязань, ул. Высоковольтная, д. 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>390026, Ryazan c., Vysokovoltnaya str., 9</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лосева</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Losseva</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda c., Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савельев</surname><given-names>А. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savelyev</surname><given-names>A. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Артём Федорович Савельев </p><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artyom Fedorovich Savelyev</p><p>100008, Karaganda c., Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">savelevrtm@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казанцев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazantsev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda c., Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киикбаев</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiikbayev</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda c., Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Русяева</surname><given-names>П. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rusyaeva</surname><given-names>P. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda c., Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перепелицына</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Perepelitsyna</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda c., Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаповаленко</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shapovalenko</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda c., Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Школа фармации, НАО «Карагандинский медицинский университет»</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>School of Pharmacy, NC JSC «Karaganda Medical University»</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кафедра фармацевтической химии и фармакогнозии, Федеральное Государственное Бюджетное Образовательное учреждение Высшего Образования «Рязанский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I. P. Pavlov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>136</fpage><lpage>145</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хрусталева А.А., Едрисов А.Т., Хрусталев Д.П., Черных И.В., Лосева И.В., Савельев А.Ф., Казанцев В.В., Киикбаев М.А., Русяева П.Ю., Перепелицына К.А., Шаповаленко С.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хрусталева А.А., Едрисов А.Т., Хрусталев Д.П., Черных И.В., Лосева И.В., Савельев А.Ф., Казанцев В.В., Киикбаев М.А., Русяева П.Ю., Перепелицына К.А., Шаповаленко С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khrustaleva A.A., Yedrissov A.T., Khrustalev D.P., Chernykh I.V., Losseva I.V., Savelyev A.F., Kazantsev V.V., Kiikbayev M.A., Rusyaeva P.Y., Perepelitsyna K.A., Shapovalenko S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medecol.qmu.kz/jour/article/view/1343">https://medecol.qmu.kz/jour/article/view/1343</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Разработка и экспериментальная характеристика биоактивного композита на основе полимолочной кислоты, модифицированного гидроксиапатитом и гентамицином, для имплантационных применений.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Композиты на основе PLA получали методом растворного смешения с последующим горячим прессованием с варьированием содержания гидроксиапатита (0 40 мас. %). Микроструктуру и распределение неорганического наполнителя анализировали методами сканирующей электронной микроскопии и энергодисперсионного рентгеновского анализа. Механические свойства оценивали в испытаниях на изгиб в режиме трёхточечного нагружения с расчетом прочности при изгибе и модуля Юнга в соответствии со стандартом ISO 178:2019. Антимикробную активность оценивали in vitro методом диффузии в агар в отношении стандартных тест-штаммов Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa и Candida albicans .</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение </title><p>Результаты и обсуждение . Показано, что разработанный подход к получению композитов обеспечивает формирование однородной микроструктуры с дисперсным распределением гидроксиапатита в полимерной матрице без выраженной макроагломерации. Увеличение содержания гидроксиапатита приводит к закономерному снижению прочности при изгибе при одновременном умеренном росте модуля Юнга, что отражает компромисс между жесткостью и сопротивлением изгибным деформациям, характерный для дисперсно-наполненных полимерных систем. Композиты, содержащие гентамицин, демонстрируют выраженную антимикробную активность в отношении грамположительных и грамотрицательных бактерий.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Результаты исследования подтверждают потенциал PLA-композитов, модифицированных гидроксиапатитом и гентамицином, в качестве функциональных биоразлагаемых материалов для имплантационных применений в зонах с умеренной эксплуатационной нагрузкой, сочетающих механическую поддержку, биоактивность и локальную антимикробную защиту.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. Development and experimental characterization of a bioactive composite based on polylactic acid, modified with hydroxyapatite and gentamicin, for implant applications.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. PLA-based composites were prepared by solution mixing followed by hot pressing, with variation of the hydroxyapatite content (0 40 wt. %). The microstructure and distribution of the inorganic filler were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. Mechanical properties were evaluated by three-point bending tests with determination of flexural strength and Young’s modulus in accordance with ISO 178:2019. Antimicrobial activity was assessed in vitro by the agar diffusion method against standard test strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The developed composite fabrication approach was shown to provide a homogeneous microstructure with a dispersed distribution of hydroxyapatite within the polymer matrix without pronounced macro-agglomeration. An increase in hydroxyapatite content resulted in a systematic decrease in flexural strength accompanied by a moderate increase in Young’s modulus, reflecting the trade-off between stiffness and resistance to bending deformations characteristic of particulate-filled polymer systems. Gentamicin-containing composites exhibited pronounced antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The obtained results confirm the potential of PLA-based composites modified with hydroxyapatite and gentamicin as functional biodegradable materials for implant applications in regions with moderate mechanical loading, combining mechanical support, bioactivity, and local antimicrobial protection.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>полимолочная кислота</kwd><kwd>гидроксиапатит</kwd><kwd>гентамицин</kwd><kwd>биоразлагаемые композиты</kwd><kwd>антимикробная активность</kwd><kwd>механические свойства</kwd><kwd>костные импланты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>polylactic acid</kwd><kwd>hydroxyapatite</kwd><kwd>gentamicin</kwd><kwd>biodegradable composites</kwd><kwd>antimicrobial activity</kwd><kwd>mechanical properties</kwd><kwd>bone implants</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">The study was funded by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Grant No. AP 26197781)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Organization. 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