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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medecol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина и экология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medicine and ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2305-6045</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2305-6053</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Карагандинский медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.59598/ME-2305-6053-2026-119-2-63-87</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medecol-1337</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERATURE REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Совершенствование механизма координации медицинской авиации в системе экстренной медицинской помощи</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Improving the coordination mechanism of air medical services within the emergency medical care system</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ембергенова</surname><given-names>М. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yembergenova</surname><given-names>M. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>010000, г. Астана, пр. Мәңгілік ел 8, Дом министерств, подъезд 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>010000, Astana c., Mangilik ave., 8, House of Ministries, entrance 5</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кошерова</surname><given-names>Б. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosherova</surname><given-names>B. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda c., Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жамантаев</surname><given-names>О. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhamantayev</surname><given-names>O. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олжас Кенжегалиевич Жамантаев</p><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olzhas Kenzhegaliyevich Zhamantayev</p><p>100008, Karaganda c., Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhamantaev@qmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Султанбек</surname><given-names>Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sultanbek</surname><given-names>Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>050060, г. Алматы, ул. Розыбакиева, 227</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>050060, Almaty c., Rozybakieva str., 227</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нукештаева</surname><given-names>К. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nukeshtayeva</surname><given-names>K. Ye.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda c., Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кадырова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kadyrova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda c., Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Департамент охраны здоровья матери и ребенка Министерства здравоохранения Республики Казахстан (</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Department for Maternal and Child Health Protection, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НАО «Карагандинский медицинский университет»</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>NC JSC «Karaganda medical university»</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Алматы Менеджмент Университет</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almaty Management University</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НАО «Карагандинский медицинский университет» (</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>NC JSC «Karaganda medical university»</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>63</fpage><lpage>87</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ембергенова М.Х., Кошерова Б.Н., Жамантаев О.К., Султанбек Ш., Нукештаева К.Е., Кадырова И.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ембергенова М.Х., Кошерова Б.Н., Жамантаев О.К., Султанбек Ш., Нукештаева К.Е., Кадырова И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yembergenova M.K., Kosherova B.N., Zhamantayev O.K., Sultanbek S., Nukeshtayeva K.Y., Kadyrova I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medecol.qmu.kz/jour/article/view/1337">https://medecol.qmu.kz/jour/article/view/1337</self-uri><abstract><p>Медицинская авиация является одним из направлений экстренной медицинской помощи, позволяющим доставлять пациента, медицинскую бригаду, профильного специалиста, донорские органы, медицинское оборудование и биоматериалы в ситуациях, когда наземная транспортировка не обеспечивает своевременный доступ к специализированной помощи. Для Республики Казахстан данная тема имеет особое значение в связи с большой территорией страны, удаленностью части населенных пунктов от многопрофильных и высокоспециализированных медицинских центров, различиями между регионами по транспортной инфраструктуре и потребностью в межбольничной маршрутизации пациентов с тяжелыми состояниями.</p><p>Целью обзора явилось обобщение научных данных и официальных источников о механизмах координации медицинской авиации в системе экстренной медицинской помощи и определение направлений их совершенствования с учетом условий Республики Казахстан. В обзор включены публикации, посвященные медицинской авиации, вертолетной экстренной медицинской помощи, самолетной медицинской эвакуации, межбольничной транспортировке, клинической приоритизации, диспетчеризации, телемедицине, цифровым инструментам поддержки решений, подготовке авиационных медицинских бригад, оценке качества, отменам вылетов, избыточному привлечению воздушного транспорта и управлению при чрезвычайных ситуациях.</p><p>Современная литература показывает, что результативность медицинской авиации определяется не только количеством воздушных судов, но и качеством согласования между медицинскими организациями, региональными центрами, авиационными операторами, стационарами-реципиентами и национальным координационным уровнем. Международные данные свидетельствуют, что без единых критериев активации, цифрового учета ресурсов и аудита решений медицинская авиация может использоваться как чрезмерно, так и с задержкой у пациентов, действительно нуждающихся в срочной специализированной помощи.</p><p>Для Казахстана наиболее приемлемой является трехуровневая модель централизованной цифровой диспетчеризации, в которой Национальный координационный центр экстренной медицины выполняет функцию национального координационного узла, региональные центры обеспечивают оперативное согласование заявок и ресурсов, а медицинские организации передают стандартизированные клинические данные. Совершенствование системы должно включать единые критерии привлечения медицинской авиации, цифровой маршрут заявки, телемедицинскую оценку показаний, учет статуса воздушных судов и бригад, подтверждение готовности принимающего стационара, межрегиональное согласование при дефиците ресурсов и регулярный аудит выполненных, отмененных и отклоненных заявок.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Medical air services constitute one of the key components of emergency medical care, enabling the transport of patients, medical teams, specialist physicians, donor organs, medical equipment, and biological materials in situations where ground transportation cannot provide timely access to specialized care. This topic is of particular importance for the Republic of Kazakhstan due to the country’s vast territory, the remoteness of many settlements from multidisciplinary and highly specialized medical centers, regional disparities in transport infrastructure, and the need for interhospital transfer of patients with critical conditions.</p><p>The aim of this review is to synthesize evidence from the scientific literature and official sources on coordination mechanisms for medical air services within emergency medical care systems and to identify opportunities for their improvement in the context of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The review includes publications addressing medical air services, helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS), fixed-wing aeromedical evacuation, interhospital transport, clinical prioritization, dispatch systems, telemedicine, digital clinical decision-support tools, training of aeromedical teams, quality assessment, mission cancellations, overutilization of air transport, and emergency and disaster management.</p><p>The current literature demonstrates that the effectiveness of medical air services depends not only on the availability of aircraft but also on the quality of coordination among healthcare organizations, regional coordination centers, aviation operators, receiving hospitals, and the national coordination authority. International evidence indicates that, in the absence of standardized activation criteria, digital resource management, and systematic auditing of dispatch decisions, medical air services may be either overutilized or activated too late for patients who genuinely require urgent specialized care.</p><p>For Kazakhstan, the most appropriate approach is a three-tier centralized digital dispatch model, in which the National Coordination Center for Emergency Medicine serves as the national coordination hub, regional coordination centers ensure the operational coordination of requests and available resources, and healthcare organizations submit standardized clinical information. Further development of the system should include standardized activation criteria for medical air services, a digital referral and dispatch pathway, telemedicinebased assessment of indications, real-time monitoring of aircraft and crew availability, confirmation of receiving hospital readiness, interregional coordination when local resources are insufficient, and routine auditing of completed, cancelled, and declined missions.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>медицинская авиация</kwd><kwd>экстренная медицинская помощь</kwd><kwd>вертолетная медицинская помощь</kwd><kwd>диспетчеризация</kwd><kwd>координация</kwd><kwd>телемедицина</kwd><kwd>Казахстан</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>medical air services</kwd><kwd>emergency medical care</kwd><kwd>helicopter emergency medical services</kwd><kwd>dispatch</kwd><kwd>coordination</kwd><kwd>telemedicine</kwd><kwd>Kazakhstan</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Assembly. 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