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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medecol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина и экология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medicine and ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2305-6045</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2305-6053</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Карагандинский медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.59598/ME-2305-6053-2026-118-1-134-151</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medecol-1320</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКАЯ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гистопатологическая оценка биопсий и тканей хирургических резекций толстого кишечника у пациентов с COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Histopathological assessment of biopsies and surgical resections of the colon in patients with COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Төлеген</surname><given-names>К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tolegen</surname><given-names>K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Камила Төлеген</p><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kamila Tolegen</p><p>100008, Karaganda, Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tolegenk7997@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пак</surname><given-names>И. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pak</surname><given-names>I. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda, Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@qmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аскаров</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Askarov</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda, Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@qmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клюев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klyuyev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda, Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@qmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ташметов</surname><given-names>Э. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tashmetov</surname><given-names>E. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda, Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@qmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Камышанский</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kamyshanskiy</surname><given-names>Ye. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda, Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kamyshanskiy@qmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт наук о жизни НАО «Карагандинский медицинский университет»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Life Sciences of Karaganda Medical University NC JSC<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Кафедра хирургических болезней НАО «Карагандинский медицинский университет»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Department of Surgical Diseases of Karaganda Medical University NC JSC<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Патологоанатомический блок клиники НАО «Карагандинский медицинский университет»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Pathological Anatomy Unit of the Clinic of Karaganda Medical University NC JSC<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>134</fpage><lpage>151</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Төлеген К., Пак И.Л., Аскаров М.С., Клюев Д.А., Ташметов Э.Р., Камышанский Е.К., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Төлеген К., Пак И.Л., Аскаров М.С., Клюев Д.А., Ташметов Э.Р., Камышанский Е.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tolegen K., Pak I.L., Askarov M.S., Klyuyev D.A., Tashmetov E.R., Kamyshanskiy Y.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medecol.qmu.kz/jour/article/view/1320">https://medecol.qmu.kz/jour/article/view/1320</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Гистопатологическая оценка биопсий и тканей хирургических резекций толстого кишечника у пациентов с COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен ретроспективный анализ биопсий/резекций толстого кишечника 116 пациентов с положительным результатом ПЦР-теста назофарингеального мазка на SARS-CoV-2, полученным в течение 12 недель до проведения биопсии/резекции без установленного диагноза заболевания ЖКТ в анамнезе. Срезы тканей оценивали с помощью стандартной световой микроскопии, ткани биопсии/резекции окрашивали гематоксилином и эозином по стандартному протоколу. При оценке гистоморфологии срезов были оценены пять категорий, отражающих тяжесть гистопатологического повреждения: 1) гистоархитектоника слизистой оболочки, 2) эпителиальные изменения, 3) состав и размер воспалительных клеточных инфильтратов, 4) количество эозинофилов, 5) микрососудистые изменения. Для каждого гистологического признака дополнительно отмечались наличие или отсутствие признака или степень выраженности повреждения. Случаи были сгруппированы по совокупности гистологических признаков принадлежности к морфологическим паттернам: 1) острый воспалительный паттерн, 2) ишемический паттерн, 3) ВЗК-подобный паттерн.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. В 10 (8.6%) случаях был выявлен паттерн острого воспалительного повреждения: эрозии и язвы, крипт-абсцессы, гиперплазия эпителия, очаговые и диффузные скопления полиморфноядерных гранулоцитов. В 62 (53.4%) случаях были выявлены гистологические признаки ишемического паттерна: искажения гистоархитектоники, атрофия крипт и поверхностный некроз/регенерация слизистой оболочки с формированием грануляционной ткани, микрососудистые изменения. В 17 (14.7%) случаях был обнаружен паттерн повреждения, ассоциирующийся со спектром ВЗК, характеризующийся изменениями/деформацией гистоархитектоники, метаплазией/гиперплазией клеток Панета, деструктивным повреждением эпителия со смешанной полиморфноядерной гранулоцитарной и трансмуральной лимфоплазмоцитарной инфильтрацией с лимфоидными скоплениями в толще всей стенки кишечника и базальным плазмоцитозом.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p> Заключение. Исследование выявило высокую частоту встречаемости ишемического паттерна повреждения толстой кишки у пациентов в течение 12 недель после перенесенного COVID-19 и ряд случаев ВЗК-подобным паттерном повреждения кишечника. Полученные данные могут помочь в стратификации групп пациентов с гистопатологическими признаками повреждения кишечника после COVID-19 и показывают актуальность проведения расширенных перспективных исследований.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. Histopathological evaluation of biopsies and surgical resections of the large intestine in patients with COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2). We conducted a retrospective analysis of colon biopsies/resections of 116 patients with a positive nasopharyngeal smear PCR test for SARS-CoV-2, obtained within 12 weeks prior to the biopsy/resection without a history of gastrointestinal disease.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. Tissue sections were evaluated using standard light microscopy, and biopsy/resection tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin according to a standard protocol. When assessing the histomorphology of sections, five categories were evaluated reflecting the severity of histopathological damage: 1) histoarchitectonics of the mucous membrane, 2) epithelial changes, 3) composition and size of inflammatory cell infiltrates, 4) number of eosinophils, 5) microvascular changes. For each histological feature, the presence or absence of a feature or the severity of damage was additionally noted. The cases were grouped according to the totality of histological signs belonging to morphological patterns: 1) acute inflammatory pattern, 2) ischemic pattern, 3) IBD-like pattern.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. Of the 116 patients, 10 (8.6%) revealed a pattern of acute inflammatory damage: erosions and ulcers, crypt abscesses, epithelial hyperplasia, focal and diffuse clusters of polymorphonuclear granulocytes. In 62 (53.4%) cases, histological signs of an ischemic pattern were revealed: histoarchitectonic distortions, crypt atrophy and superficial necrosis/regeneration of the mucous membrane with the formation of granulation tissue, microvascular changes. In 17 (14.7%) cases, a pattern of damage associated with the IBD spectrum was found, characterized by changes/deformations of histoarchitectonics, metaplasia/hyperplasia of Paneth cells, destructive epithelial damage with mixed polymorphonuclear granulocytic and transmural lymphoplasmocytic infiltration with lymphoid clusters in the thickness of the entire intestinal wall and basal plasmocytosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. This study revealed a high incidence of ischemic pattern of colon damage in patients within 12 weeks of COVID-19 and a number of cases of IBD-like pattern of intestinal damage. The data obtained can help in stratifying groups of patients with histopathological signs of intestinal damage after COVID-19 and show the relevance of conducting expanded prospective studies.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гистопатология</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>ишемический колит</kwd><kwd>ВЗК-подобный паттерн</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>histopathology</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>ischemic colitis</kwd><kwd>IBD-like pattern</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">WHO coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard. https://data.who.int/dashboards/covid19/cases</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">WHO coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard. https://data.who.int/dashboards/covid19/cases</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hamming I., Timens W., Bulthuis M.L., Lely A.T., Navis G., van Goor H. 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