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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medecol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина и экология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medicine and ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2305-6045</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2305-6053</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Карагандинский медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.59598/ME-2305-6053-2025-117-4-105-118</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medecol-1156</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОЛОГИЯ И ГИГИЕНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECOLOGY AND HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Показатели предотвратимой смертности от респираторных заболеваний в Актюбинской области в период 2019 – 2023 гг.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Parameters of avoidable mortality from respiratory disease in Aktobe region in 2019 – 2023</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каташева</surname><given-names>Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Katasheva</surname><given-names>D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>030000, г. Актобе, ул. Маресьева, 68</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>030000, Aktobe c., Maresyeva str., 68</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@wkmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алекенова</surname><given-names>Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekenova</surname><given-names>N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нургуль Умирбековна Алекенова</p><p>030000, г. Актобе, ул. Маресьева, 68</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nurgul Alekenova</p><p>030000, Aktobe c., Maresyeva str., 68</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alekenova@zkmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахтаева</surname><given-names>Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhtayeva</surname><given-names>N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>030000, г. Алматы, ул. Толе Би, 94, 050000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>050000, Almaty c., Tole Bi str., 94</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@kaznmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахметжан</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhmetzhan</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>030000,  г. Алматы, ул. Толе Би, 94, 050000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>050000, Almaty c., Tole Bi str., 94</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@kaznmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тусупбекова</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tussupbekova</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>030000, г. Алматы, ул. Толе Би, 94, 050000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>050000, Almaty c., Tole Bi str., 94</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@kaznmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">НАО «Западно-Казахстанский медицинский университет им. Марата Оспанова»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Marat Ospanov West Kazakhstan Medical University NC JSC<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">НАО «Казахский национальный медицинский университет им. С. Асфендиярова»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University NC JSC<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>105</fpage><lpage>118</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Каташева Д., Алекенова Н., Ахтаева Н., Ахметжан А., Тусупбекова С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каташева Д., Алекенова Н., Ахтаева Н., Ахметжан А., Тусупбекова С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Katasheva D., Alekenova N., Akhtayeva N., Akhmetzhan A., Tussupbekova S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medecol.qmu.kz/jour/article/view/1156">https://medecol.qmu.kz/jour/article/view/1156</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить показатели предотвратимой смертности от респираторных заболеваний в Актюбинской области за период 2019 – 2023 гг.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Для расчета предотвратимой смертности мы использовали методологию, предложенную ОЭСР и рабочей группой Евростата. Данные были получены в Национальном исследовательском центре развития здравоохранения Актюбинской области. Данные включали количество смертей с использованием Международной классификации болезней 10 пересмотра, а также пол и место проживания (городской и сельский). В анализ были включены показатели предотвратимой и излечимой смертности, а также абсолютные и относительные изменения и среднегодовые процентные изменения.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. В период с 2019 по 2023 год уровень предотвратимой смертности от респираторных заболеваний снизился, причем заметное снижение произошло в городе и незначительный рост - в сельской местности. Смертность, которую можно было предотвратить, была выше среди мужчин, чем среди женщин, при этом основной причиной были хронические заболевания нижних дыхательных путей, а в сельской местности показатели были значительно выше, чем в городах. Тенденции в отношении смертности, которую можно было предотвратить, показали постоянное снижение, особенно в городе, при этом наибольшее снижение наблюдалось среди сельских женщин. Предотвратимая смертность от COVID-19 в целом была выше среди мужчин, однако в сельской местности этот показатель был выше у женщин.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. В период с 2019 по 2023 год смертность от респираторных заболеваний, которую можно было предотвратить, в целом снизилась, хотя и со значительными региональными и гендерными различиями. В городах улучшения были заметны в большей степени, в то время как в сельской местности прогресс был более медленным, а показатели смертности, особенно среди мужчин, более высокими. Для сокращения этих различий и улучшения показателей здоровья необходимы постоянные целенаправленные мероприятия, особенно в сельской местности.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To study the avoidable mortality from respiratory disease in Aktobe region in 2019 – 2023.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. To calculate avoidable mortality we used the methodology suggested by OECD and the Eurostat working group. The data collected from the National Research Center for Health Development in the Aktobe region. The data included number of deaths using International Classification of Diseases 10, also gender, and area as urban and rural. The preventable and treatable mortality, as well as absolute and relative changes and the average annual percentage change were included in analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. Between 2019 and 2023, avoidable mortality from respiratory diseases showed a decline, with a notable decrease in urban areas and a slight increase in rural areas. Preventable mortality was higher in males than females, with chronic lower respiratory diseases being the leading cause, and rural areas experiencing significantly higher rates than urban areas. The trends in treatable mortality showed a consistent decline, particularly in urban areas, with rural females seeing the largest decrease. Preventable mortality from COVID-19 was higher in males overall, however in rural areas, females had higher rates.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The avoidable and preventable mortality from respiratory diseases declined overall from 2019 to 2023, though with significant regional and gender disparities. Urban areas had more improvements, while rural areas experienced slower progress and higher mortality rates, particularly among males. Continued targeted interventions, especially in rural areas, are necessary to reduce these disparities and improve health outcomes.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>предотвратимая смертность</kwd><kwd>излечимая смертность</kwd><kwd>предотвратимая смертность от респираторных заболеваний</kwd><kwd>политика в области здравоохранения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>avoidable mortality</kwd><kwd>treatable mortality</kwd><kwd>preventable mortality</kwd><kwd>respiratory disease</kwd><kwd>health policy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goals (SDGs), and their implementation: A national global framework for health, development and equity needs a systems approach at every level. Br. Med. 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