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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medecol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина и экология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medicine and ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2305-6045</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2305-6053</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Карагандинский медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.59598/ME-2305-6053-2025-116-3-8-14</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medecol-1033</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERATURE REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности метаболизма пуринов на фоне оксидативного стресса, обусловленного дисфункцией щитовидной железы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>FEATURES OF PURINE METABOLISM DUE TO OXIDATIVE STRESS CAUSED BY THYROID DYSFUNCTION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беков</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bekov</surname><given-names>Ye. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ернур Касипович Беков </p><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yernur Kasipovich Bekov</p><p>100008, Karaganda, Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bekov@qmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Молотов-Лучанский</surname><given-names>В. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Molotov-Luchanskiy</surname><given-names>V. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda, Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@qmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакирова</surname><given-names>Р. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakirova</surname><given-names>R. Ye.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda, Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@qmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Омарбекова</surname><given-names>Н. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Omarbekova</surname><given-names>N. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100008, г. Караганда, ул. Гоголя, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>100008, Karaganda, Gogolya str., 40</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@qmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Кафедра внутренних болезней НАО «Карагандинский медицинский университет»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Department of Internal Diseases, Karaganda Medical University NC JSC<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Кафедра информатики и биостатистики НАО «Карагандинский медицинский университет»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Department of Informatics and biostatistics, Karaganda Medical University NC JSC<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>8</fpage><lpage>14</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Беков Е.К., Молотов-Лучанский В.Б., Бакирова Р.Е., Омарбекова Н.К., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Беков Е.К., Молотов-Лучанский В.Б., Бакирова Р.Е., Омарбекова Н.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bekov Y.K., Molotov-Luchanskiy V.B., Bakirova R.Y., Omarbekova N.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medecol.qmu.kz/jour/article/view/1033">https://medecol.qmu.kz/jour/article/view/1033</self-uri><abstract><p>В современном мире широко признано, что окислительный стресс, характеризующийся неравновесием между свободными радикалами и антиоксидантной защитой, рассматривается как ключевой фактор в патофизиологии различных заболеваний и является объектом активного изучения. Повреждение клеток происходит вследствие окислительного стресса, который приводит к образованию специфических продуктов взаимодействия с ДНК, липидами и белками при участии гидроксильных радикалов. Антиоксидантная защита организма включает как ферментативные, так и неферментативные молекулы, регулируемые гормонами, которые контролируют их синтез и оборот.</p><p>Как показывают исследования, как гипотиреоз, так и гипертиреоз могут быть связаны с окислительным стрессом, который может способствовать развитию патологии в различных органах, а также в самой щитовдной железе. Однако существует недостаточно данных о потенциальных изменениях на уровне биологической химии, на примере нарушении пуринового обмена; в настоящем обзоре мы рассматриваем регуляцию антиоксидантов тиреоидными гормонами и окислительного стресса в норме и при нарушении функции щитовидной железы. Этот гормональный дисбаланс является компенсаторным механизмом, который требует дальнейшего изучения возможности заместительной терапии. Таким образом, оценка параметров окислительного стресса может внести значительный вклад в понимание его роли в патофизиологии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the modern world, it is widely recognized that oxidative stress, characterized by an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidant protection, is considered as a key factor in the pathophysiology of various diseases and is the object of active study. Cell damage occurs due to oxidative stress, which leads to the formation of specific products of interaction with DNA, lipids and proteins with the participation of hydroxyl radicals. The antioxidant defense of the body includes both enzymatic and non-enzymatic molecules regulated by hormones that control their synthesis and turnover.</p><p>Studies show that both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can be associated with oxidative stress, which can contribute to the development of pathology in various organs, as well as in the thyroid gland itself. However, there is insufficient data on potential changes at the level of biological chemistry, for example, a violation of purine metabolism; in this review, we consider the regulation of antioxidants by thyroid hormones and oxidative stress in normal and impaired thyroid function. This hormonal imbalance is a compensatory mechanism that requires further study of the possibility of substitution therapy. Thus, the assessment of the parameters of oxidative stress can make a significant contribution to understanding its role in pathophysiology.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>щитовидная железа</kwd><kwd>оксидативный стресс</kwd><kwd>метаболизм пуринов</kwd><kwd>антиоксидантная защита</kwd><kwd>гормоны щитовидной железы</kwd><kwd>эндокринная система</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>thyroid gland</kwd><kwd>oxidative stress</kwd><kwd>purine metabolism</kwd><kwd>antioxidant protection</kwd><kwd>thyroid hormones</kwd><kwd>endocrine system</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Касаткина Э.П. Актуальные проблемы тиреоидологии: профилактика йоддефицитных заболеваний. Проблемы эндокринологии. 2006; 52 (6): 30-33.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kasatkina Je.P. 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